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-- card: 25114 from stack: in -- bmap block id: 0 -- flags: 0000 -- background id: 3930 -- name: -- part contents for background part 10 ----- text ----- VB 320 - Toxicology Third Year - Second Semester V. Beasley (1988) -- part contents for background part 4 ----- text ----- 1. Calculations and concepts in toxicology. 2. Toxicants affecting the nervous system: A. Toxicants associated with seizures. B. Toxicants associated with stimulation or seizures. C. Toxicants with mixed effects on the CNS. D. Thiaminase containing plants and other substances. E. Toxicants causing CNS depression. F. Toxicants affecting the autonomic nervous system (and, in some cases, voluntary nerves as well): toxicants associated as cholinergic blockers (anticholinergic agents), inhibitors of cholinesterase, toxicants with muscarinic effects nut no nicotinic effects, toxicants with nicotinic effects. G. Toxicants causing paralysis (may eventually include respiratory paralysis)- any nicotinic agent including cholinesterase inhibition at high doses. H. Toxicants primarily causing respiratory paralysis. 3. Toxicants causing primary muscle dysfunction and/or paralysis. 4. Toxicants causing acidosis. 5. Toxicants causing fevers: A. Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. 6. Toxicants affecting the kidneys. A. Metals and inorganics. B. Organic compounds. C. Plants. D. Nephrotoxin mycotoxins. 7. Toxicants causing goiter: A. Iodine imbalances. B. Goitrogenic plants. 8. Toxicants affecting reproduction: A. Teratogens. B. Abortion inducing toxicants. C. Estrogenic toxicants. D. Masculinization by toxicants. E. Testicular degeneration (toxic). F. Infertility caused by toxicants. 9. Toxicants affecting peripheral circulation and/ or lactation. 10. Toxicants affecting the liver: A. Hepatotoxic chemicals and drugs. B. Mycotoxins affecting the liver. C. Poisonous plants affecting the liver. D. Hepatogenous photosensitizers. 11. Toxicants affecting the skin . A. Plants causing photosensitization uncertain pathogenesis. B. Toxicants causing skin damage by primary photosensitization. C. Toxicants causing skin effects other than photosensitization. D. Plants causing skin trauma (Miscellaneous plants causing irritation of the oral cavity and skin). 12. Second test. 13. Toxicants affecting the gastrointestinal tract: A. Chemicals and drugs affecting the digestive tract - radiation, metals, other elements, and inorganic compounds,organic compounds. B. Plants affecting the gastrointestinal tract - toxalbumins, irritant oils, saponin containing plants, gallotannis, purgative glycosides, irritating resins, isothiocyanates, carboxyatractyloside, cardioglycoside and andromedotoxin plants, miscellaneous plants. C. Trichothecenes. D. Other mycotoxins and bacterial toxins. 14. Toxicants which may affect the oro-pharyngeal cavity and gastrointestinal tract. 15. Toxicants causing bloat in ruminants. 16. Toxicants causing shock. 17. Toxicants affecting the heart: A. Cardioglycosides. B. Cardioglycoside containing plants, plnat derivatives and animals. C. Andromedotoxin containing plants (Heath, Ericaceae family of plants). D. Cardioglycoside-like plants. E. Fluroacetate (1080) and fluoroacetate containing plants. F. Other plants. G. Metals. H. Organic compounds. 18. Toxicants affecting the respiratory system: A. Metals. B. Inorganic compounds. C. Organic compounds. D. Plants. 19. Toxicants causing asphyxia (Toxic gases). 20. Toxicants inhibiting the function of respiratory pigments (hemoglobin and/or cytochromes). 21. Toxicants decreasing the ability of hemoglobin to carry oxygen. 22. Toxicants causing hemolysis. 23. Toxicants causing polycythemia. 24. Toxicants affecting hemostasis. 25. Toxicants affecting the teeth and skeletal system. 26. Toxicants causing dystrophic mineralization. 27. Toxicants causing blindness. 28. Toxicants causing immunosuppression. 29. Toxicants causing adrenal gland cortical hypoplasia.